2022 has been another great year for biological recording. I’ve seen lots of amazing species, many new for me, but I’ve moved away slightly from the PSL approach. I still enjoy the listing aspect of biological recording but I am taking a more focused approach in terms of taxonomic groups. The vast majority of my additions this year are Diptera and vascular plants with a significant amount of Lepidoptera and very little of anything else. Still, I’ve added 581 new species, starting the year on 5241 and ending on 5822. Below is a breakdown of some of my highlights of 2022.
Vascular plants
I recorded 141 new plants in 2022 taking me to 1779 species in total. Many of these were in the New Forest where I spent a lot of my time in the spring and summer. New species in and around the forest included Eriophorum gracile (Slender Cottongrass), Persicaria minor (Small Water-pepper), Hammarbya paludosa (Bog Orchid), Ulmus sativa, Gladiolus illyricus (Wild Gladiolus), Persicaria mitis (Tasteless Water-pepper), Lotus subbiflorus (Hairy Bird's-foot-trefoil), Lobelia urens (Heath Lobelia), Taraxacum ciliare, Spartina alterniflora (Smooth Cord-grass), Sagittaria latifolia (Duck-potato), Eleocharis acicularis (Needle Spike-rush), Pulmonaria longifolia (Narrow-leaved Lungwort), Briza minor (Lesser Quaking-grass), Cyperus fuscus (Brown Galingale), Lotus angustissimus (Slender Bird's-foot-trefoil), Eleocharis parvula (Dwarf Spike-rush), Atriplex longipes (Long-stalked Orache), Galium constrictum (Slender Marsh-bedstraw), Cicendia filiformis (Yellow Centaury) and Rosa tomentella (Round-leaved Dog-rose).
Lobelia urens |
Taraxacum ciliare |
Pulmonaria longifolia |
An early spring visit to East Anglia added Herniaria glabra (Smooth Rupturewort), Veronica praecox (Breckland Speedwell) and Veronica triphyllos (Fingered Speedwell) on the classic Thetford housing estate embankment as well as Pulmonaria obscura (Suffolk Lungwort) in a Suffolk woodland and Muscari neglectum (Grape-hyacinth) in the Brecks.
Veronica praecox (Breckland Speedwell) and V. triphyllos (Fingered) from a small sandy bank in a housing estate in Thetford at the weekend. Also present were V. agrestis (Green Field-speedwell), V. arvensis (Wall), and V. persica (Common F-s) for a total of 5 speedwell species pic.twitter.com/1wDNbgMssy
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) March 28, 2022
Pulmonaria obscura |
My first ever visit to the Isle of Wight added Gentianella anglica (Early Gentian), Orobanche purpurea (Yarrow Broomrape), Orobanche picridis (Oxtongue Broomrape) and Gaudinia fragilis (French Oat-grass) around Freshwater as well as Pilosella peleteriana subsp. peleteriana (Shaggy Mouse-ear-hawkweed) at Tennyson Down. While not new Melampyrum arvense (Field Cow-wheat) was also looking its best.
Orobanche picridis at Compton Down last weekend pic.twitter.com/QuBXxCdmsH
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) May 31, 2022
Pilosella peleteriana subsp. peleteriana |
Melampyrum arvense |
A birthday trip to the Mendips and surrounding area added Hieracium angustisquamum, Galium pumilum (Slender Bedstraw), Noccaea caerulescens (Alpine Penny-cress), Potentilla argentea (Hoary Cinquefoil) and Hieracium cyathis around Ubley and Blackmoor. A stop at Harptree added Campanula patula (Spreading Bellflower) while a stop on the Somerset levels added Bolboschoenus laticarpus. A final stop at Fivehead arable reserve added Ranunculus arvensis (Corn Buttercup), Vicia parviflora (Slender Tare), Euphorbia platyphyllos (Broad-leaved Spurge), Torilis arvensis (Spreading Hedge-parsley) and Valerianella rimosa (Broad-fruited Cornsalad).
Birthday long weekend of botany around North Somerset and the New Forest. 17 new species: 1/3 Harptree where Campanula patula was looking great, then Ubley & Blackmoor for Galium pumilum, Noccaea caerulescens, Potentilla argentea, Hieracium angustisquamum and H. cyathis pic.twitter.com/YZjiv2TTwi
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) June 27, 2022
A weekend in Kent added Ophrys fuciflora (Late Spider-orchid) at Crete Road, Orchis purpurea (Lady Orchid) along with the potentially distinct Kent woodland taxon of Platanthera bifolia (Lesser Butterfly-orchid) at Covert Wood; Carex vulpina (True Fox-sedge) and Carex elongata (Elongated Sedge) at Marden and Scandix pecten-veneris (Shepherd's-needle) in a carpark near Dungeness. A quick stop in Sussex on the way home added Phyteuma spicatum (Spiked Rampion) at Hadlow Down.
Carex vulpina |
Ophrys fuciflora |
A few days in East Anglia for the Dipterists Forum summer meeting also provided the chance to catch up with a few plants. Stops in the Brecks added Descurainia sophia (Flixweed), Alyssum alyssoides (Small Alison), Phleum phleoides (Purple-stem Cat's-tail), Petrorhagia prolifera (Proliferous Pink), Artemisia campestris (Field Wormwood), Silene otites (Spanish Catchfly) and Thymus serpyllum (Breckland Thyme). Verbascum pulverulentum (Hoary Mullein) was abundant around Norwich as was Corynephorus canescens (Grey Hair-grass) on the dunes at Winterton.
A meandering trip back from East Anglia included stops in the Chilterns for Cephalanthera rubra (Red Helleborine), Surrey for Damasonium alisma (Starfruit), East Sussex for Seseli libanotis (Moon Carrot) and Bupleurum baldense (Small Hare's-ear) and West Sussex for Petrorhagia nanteuilii (Childing Pink).
Bupleurum baldense (Small Hare's-ear) and its hair-raising habitat at Beachy Head yesterday evening on my circuitous route back from Norfolk pic.twitter.com/S0sUj9xA1J
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) July 6, 2022
Petrorhagia nanteuilii |
Seseli libanotis |
Damasonium alisma |
Two trips to Amberly in Sussex over the summer added Leersia oryzoides (Cut-grass), Alisma lanceolatum (Narrow-leaved Water-plantain) and Potamogeton acutifolius (Sharp-leaved Pondweed).
A second consecutive year visiting Scilly for the Pelagics added a few species I’d missed in 2021 including Phymatosorus diversifolius (Kangaroo Fern) and Fumaria occidentalis (Western Ramping-fumitory). A quick stop in the pouring rain and near dark on the drive back also added Pyrus cordata (Plymouth Pear)
Fumaria occidentalis |
A late summer work trip to Glasgow provided the opportunity to take a few days off and visit some southwestern Scottish specialities. Firstly, after a long struggle through marshy grassland and hybrids at Low Mains I managed to find what seems to be pure Rumex aquaticus (Scottish Dock). A quick stop on the way from the dock to the Arran ferry added Juncus filiformis (Thread Rush) at Barcraigs Reservoir. The pilgrimage to the Arran whitebeams was successful with all three species seen,namely: Sorbus arranensis (Arran Whitebeam), Sorbus pseudofennica (Arran Service-tree) and Sorbus pseudomeinichii (False Rowan). Finally I added Atriplex praecox (Early Orache) on a beach at the north of the island.
Hopefully Rumex aquaticus (Scottish Dock) from the north bank of the Endrick at Low Mains. Huge numbers of the hybrid with R. obtusifolius (R. x platyphyllus). This was the purest looking one I could find. pic.twitter.com/bc56acyMMl
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) September 2, 2022
An early autumn trip to Essex added Atriplex pedunculata (Pedunculate Sea-purslane) abundant in its only extant site as well as Clinopodium calamintha (Lesser Calamint) on a road verge. A quick stop at Darenth on the way home also added Eryngium campestre (Field Eryngo).
Atriplex pedunculata (Pedunculate Sea-purslane) abundant over a small area and looking its best at its only extant UK site in Essex at the weekend pic.twitter.com/gAqtj31Mwo
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) September 21, 2022
Other additions through the year included Polygonum maritimum (Sea Knotgrass) at Sandy Point on Hayling; Ajuga chamaepitys (Ground-pine) at Colley Hill in Surrey and Ranunculus ophioglossifolius (Adder's-tongue Spearwort) at Badgeworth.
Ajuga chamaepitys |
Orthopteroids
The obvious highlight was an adult female Decticus verrucivorus (Wart biter) at Castle Hill NNR in Sussex in the late summer.
Decticus verrucivorus (Wart-biter) female today on the south downs in Sussex pic.twitter.com/avislN6Www
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) September 25, 2022
Acanthoxyla prasina subsp. geisovii |
I also caught up with three new Orthoptera in the New forest, namely: Chorthippus vagans (Heath Grasshopper), Nemobius sylvestris (Wood Cricket) and Tetrix ceperoi (Cepero's Ground hopper).
Odonata
I joined one of the organised trips to visit the recently discovered colony of Coenagrion scitulum (Dainty Damselfly) at Sandwich and added a bonus Sympetrum fonscolombii (Red-veined Darter) at the same time. The only other Odonata addition was an overdue Aeshna isosceles (Norfolk Hawker) on the Dipterists Forum summer meeting in the Broads.
Diptera
Diptera were again the main focus for the year. I ended the year on 1348 species having added 276 new species. Highlights were too many to detail fully here but among them were recording two species new for the UK seeing one of the UK’s most charismatic hoverflies and recording a wide range of rare species on the Dipterists Forum summer meeting in Norfolk.
The first of my two new species for the UK was actually collected in 2021 in Scotland but not looked at until early in 2022. This was the rather boring looking tiny Agromyzid fly Chromatomyia isicae which was only picked up as new when Barry Warrington queried my images on iRecord. The second new fly was a Eumerus narcissi, a hoverfly collected on Scilly. Papers detailing both these finds have been submitted and will hopefully be published in the new year.
Probably the most exciting fly was the large, rare and beautiful dead-wood associated hoverfly Caliprobola speciosa seen in its stronghold in the New Forest.
Caliprobola speciosa |
Collecting in the Broads and Dunes in Norfolk on the DF summer meeting produced some choice flies perhaps the best of which was the small Chamaemyiidae fly Parochthiphila spectabilis collected at Upton Broad. This was a new site for this rare (pNear Threatened) fen associated species.
Parochthiphila spectabilis female from Upton Broad, Norfolk. A rare (pNear Threatened) fen associated #Chamaemyiidae with few recent records. Likely one of my and @m_harrow1's best finds from a few days at #DFNorfolk22 pic.twitter.com/yT4C9PiJnF
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) July 6, 2022
There are also a few outstanding mysteries requiring more investigation which include a Agromyzid potentially new to science from the New Forest and a confusing Platypalpus from the Broads.
Butterflies
A trip to the Isle of Wight added Melitaea cinxia (Glanville Fritillary) in good numbers at Freshwater. Having refused to twitch Satyrium w-album (White Letter Hairstreak) on the assumption that I would catch up with one eventually that day finally came at Pagham in the summer. My other addition was Papilio machaon (Swallowtail) in the Broads.
Moths
I added quite a few moths in 2022, 78 to be exact. I ended the year on 1064 species making moths my third group with over 1000 species.
I only added a few new macros at home on Hayling Island. These were:
Cyclophora punctaria Maiden's Blush
Eupithecia intricata Freyer's Pug
Eupithecia simpliciata Plain Pug
Eupithecia ultimaria Channel Islands Pug
Arctia villica Cream-spot Tiger
Arenostola phragmitidis Fen Wainscot
Pechipogo plumigeralis Plumed Fan-foot
Arctia villica (Cream-spot Tiger) |
New macros elsewhere included
Macrochilo cribrumalis Dotted Fan-foot Barton Fen, Norfolk
Adscita statices Forester Cranwich Camp, Norfolk
Coscinia cribraria Speckled Footman Dungeness, Kent
Thalera fimbrialis Sussex Emerald Dungeness, Kent
Pyropteron chrysidiformis Fiery Clearwing Folkestone, Kent
Comibaena bajularia Blotched Emerald Sissinghurst, Kent
Hypomecis roboraria Great Oak Beauty Mark Ash Wood, New Forest
Simyra albovenosa Reed Dagger Barton Fen, Norfolk
Simyra albovenosa (Reed Dagger) |
Hypomecis roboraria (Great Oak Beauty) |
I added quite a few micros from my garden trap or elsewhere on Hayling. These included:
Coleophora alcyonipennella
Yponomeuta rorrella
Tinea trinotella
Coleophora atriplicis
Elachista triatomea
Borkhausenia fuscescens
Teleiodes vulgella
Carpatolechia fugitivella
Phtheochroa rugosana
Gynnidomorpha vectisana
Cochylis molliculana
Lozotaeniodes formosanus
Acleris ferrugana
Acleris schalleriana
Crocidosema plebejana
Spilonota ocellana
Clavigesta purdeyi
Enarmonia formosana
Grapholita funebrana
Platytes cerussella
Galleria mellonella
Ancylosis oblitella
Vitula biviella
Agdistis bennetii
Off the island I added a decent number of other new micros most of which were bycatch while sweeping for flies. Non-Hayling micros included:
Coleophora virgaureae Hudder Down, Cornwall
Sorhagenia rhamniella Cranwich Camp, Norfolk
Thiodia citrana Cranwich Camp, Norfolk
Oxyptilus parvidactylus Cranwich Camp, Norfolk
Aroga velocella Icklingham Triangle, Suffolk
Cydia fagiglandana Mark Ash Wood, New Forest
Nephopterix angustella Natural History Museum Gardens
Pammene gallicana Ports Down, Hampshire
Opogona omoscopa Garrison Campsite, St Mary’s, Scilly
Pediasia contaminella Garrison Campsite, St Mary’s, Scilly
Dolicharthria punctalis Garrison Campsite, St Mary’s, Scilly
Elachista subalbidella Widden Bottom, New Forest
Buckleria paludum Widden Bottom, New Forest
Caryocolum alsinella Winterton Dunes, Norfolk
Cochylis pallidana Winterton Dunes, Norfolk
Homoeosoma nimbella Winterton Dunes, Norfolk
Dolicharthria punctalis |
Reptiles
A visit to Ventnor on the Isles of Wight provided good views of Common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) my only new reptile for the year.
A smart male Wall Lizard (Podarcis muralis) at Ventnor on the Isle of Wight today pic.twitter.com/E2eBnUKHAA
— Sam Thomas (@sjthomasbotany) May 28, 2022
Fish
Again, unexpectedly, fish feature on this list, with one of the highlights of the year being the huge mobile feeding frenzies of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) chased down on one of the Scilly Pelagics.
More Bluefin action with @Scillypelagics today - AWESOME show - just birds and fish as far as the eye could see... pic.twitter.com/uQHibHsEsq
— birdsonline (@birdsonline001) August 14, 2022
Another Scilly Pelagic fish highlight was good views of a number of different Blue Shark (Prionace glauca) attracted to the chum bag as well as brief views of the fin of a Porbeagle (Lamna nasus).
Birds
UK
The obvious highlight was finally catching up with Wilson's Petrel on the third day of three Scilly Pelagics. Having more or less resigned myself to a second year of Wilson’s-free pelagic to get them on the final day was one of the most exciting moments of the year. On top of that the pelagics were packed with other great birds including unbelievable numbers of Great Shearwater (Ardenna gravis) and Cory's Shearwater (Calonectris borealis), multiple encounters with an adult Laughing Gull (Leucophaeus atricilla) and well as Sabine's gull (Xema sabini) and Grey Phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius). Two of my other lifers were also on this trip with a lucky encounter with Spotted Crake on Tresco and a Balearic Shearwater on the Scillonian on the way back.
Refections (1) on superb weekend at sea. Searched out two Wilson's Storm-Petrels, despite no wind. This bird with hooked wing tips flew straight out of Collins Guide. Guide states 'primary moult almost complete late summer', but juvs start primary moult now & complete mid Oct-Dec pic.twitter.com/1DxIaJSXmA
— Scilly Pelagics (@Scillypelagics) August 15, 2022
Laughing Gull |
Finally seeing Lesser Spotted Woodpecker in East Anglia after numerous failed attempts in the New Forest was both a highlight and a relief. Unfortunately I didn’t manage to add my other main target, Stone-curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus) though I did hear them on a freezing cold night camping in the Brecks early in the spring.
Other additions were a few more or less local twitches including the remarkable Oxon Nighthawk.
New in 2022 were:
Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor
Spotted Crake Porzana porzana
Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis
Wilson's Petrel Oceanites oceanicus
Balearic Shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus
Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides*
Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dryobates minor*
American Robin Turdus migratorius
All by two of these (asterisked above) were also Western Palearctic ticks
Western Palearctic
My only other new Western Palearctic birds were on a trip to SW Bulgaria in June. Overall I recorded 68 species in a week of which four were new:
Black Stork Ciconia nigra
Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius
Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus
Eastern Olivaceous Warbler Iduna pallida
A much delayed trip to Guatemala finally got off the ground in January. Being my first experience of visiting or birding anywhere in the Americas it was amazing but, at times, overwhelming. I mostly birded independently but did hire a guide for two days at the end of the trip to target Horned Guan and Azure-rumped Tanager around Lake Atitlan. Overall I recorded 201 species of which 178 were new. I could have seen many more with further guiding or previous experience of neotropical birds but I enjoyed discovering stuff for myself and the unfamiliar feeling of not having any idea what many things were and having to flick through the book.
I started in Tikal NP among the extensive lowland rainforest and Mayan temples. Some of the highlights here were Orange-breasted Falcon after a long wait in the mist on their nesting temple, Purple-crowned Fairy, roosting Boat-billed Herons, Great Tinamou and the plastic-feeling Ocellated Turkey population in the carpark. Being the first stop pretty much everything was new and it was particularly nice to see a range of nearctic warblers previously thought of as near-unattainable vagrants in UK bird guides.
Ocellated Turkey |
Great Tinamou |
Orange-breasted Falcon in the mist |
Moving to the weird, dusty surf village of El Paredon provided a range of species of dry places such as Stripe-headed Sparrow and Rufous-naped Wren as well as access to the Sipacate Naranjo National Park with a wide range of wetland birds including nearctic waders.
Stripe-headed Sparrow |
The final area visited was around Lake Atitlan where thanks to the assistance of a great guide I succeeded in seeing Horned Guan and Azure-rumped Tanager as well as lots of other great species including a pair of Resplendent Quetzal, a perched Ornate Hawk-Eagle and good views of a Fulvous Owl.
Fulvous Owl |
Resplendent Quetzal male |
Resplendent Quetzal female |
Ornate Hawk-Eagle |
Blue-throated Motmot |
My full eBird checklists for the trip are here: Sam Thomas - eBird
Some of my favourite species from the trip were:
Tikal NP
Orange-breasted Falcon Falco deiroleucus
Ocellated Turkey Meleagris ocellata
Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius
Red-capped Manakin Ceratopipra mentalis
Slaty-tailed Trogon Trogon massena
Russet-naped Wood-Rail Aramides albiventris
Eye-ringed Flatbill Rhynchostylis brevirostris
Black-headed Trogon Trogon melanocephalus
Great Tinamou Tinamus major
Purple-crowned Fairy Heliothryx barroti
Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius
El Remate, Lago Peten Itza
Lesson's Motmot Momotus lessonii
Golden-crowned Warbler Basileuterus culicivorus
Stub-tailed Spadebill Platyrinchus cancrominus
Gartered Trogon Trogon caligatus
Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata
El Paredon / Sipacate Naranjo National Park
Stripe-headed Sparrow Peucaea ruficauda
Rufous-naped Wren Campylorhynchus rufinucha
Cinnamon Hummingbird Amazilia rutila
Lake Atitlan and surrounding area
Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus
Resplendent Quetzal Pharomachrus mocinno
Azure-rumped Tanager Poecilostreptus cabanisi
Fulvous Owl Strix fulvescens
Horned Guan Oreophasis derbianus
Black-vented Oriole Icterus wagleri
White-naped Brushfinch Atlapetes albinucha
Azure-crowned Hummingbird Saucerottia cyanocephala
Cabanis's Wren Cantorchilus modestus
Crescent-chested Warbler Oreothlypis superciliosa
Rufous-collared Robin Turdus rufitorques
Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush Catharus frantzii
Spot-crowned Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes affinis
Rivoli's Hummingbird Eugenes fulgens
Hooded Grosbeak Coccothraustes abeillei
Elegant Euphonia Chlorophonia elegantissima
Guatemalan Tyrannulet Zimmerius vilissimus
Flame-colored Tanager Piranga bidentata
Mountain Trogon Trogon mexicanus
Singing Quail Dactylortyx thoracicus
Golden-browed Warbler Basileuterus belli
Bushy-crested Jay Cyanocorax melanocyaneus
Green-throated Mountain-gem Lampornis viridipallens
Blue-crowned Chlorophonia Chlorophonia occipitalis
Blue-throated Motmot Aspatha gularis
Violet Sabrewing Campylopterus hemileucurus
Emerald-chinned Hummingbird Abeillia abeillei
Rufous Sabrewing Pampa rufa
Targets for 2023
I’ve set myself a more modest target for next year with an aim to reach 6358 by adding 536 species. I’ve removed targets for many of the groups that I haven’t recorded this year but included some ambitious targets for my key groups. Specific targets for 2023 include finally seeing a Stone Curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus), catching up with two of my last remaining UK butterflies: High Brown Fritillary (Fabriciana adippe) and Long-tailed Blue (Lampides boeticus). I’ve booked a trip to Teesdale and will also hopefully get to visit the Channel Islands for the first time and Scotland again. In April I’m planning on visiting São Tomé and Príncipe so I should get some good endemic birds.